By Sasha Farid
Gwadar, now regarded as a cornerstone of Pakistan’s economic future and a strategic hub of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), was not part of Pakistan at the time of independence in 1947.
Today, the world top deep-sea port is recognized for its natural depth, making it one of the few ports in the world capable of accommodating ultra-large container vessels carrying up to 24,000 containers throughout the year.
Gwadar’s association with Oman dates back to 1783, when an exiled Omani prince sought refuge along the Makran coast. The Khan of Kalat granted him the territory as a fiefdom.
After regaining the Omani throne, the prince retained Gwadar as part of his kingdom. For nearly 175 years, including during the British colonial era, Gwadar remained under Omani administration, complete with its own governor, military personnel, and currency.
In the 1950s, facing financial difficulties, Oman decided to sell the territory. Historical accounts suggest that the offer was first presented to Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, who reportedly declined due to a lack of interest in the region’s strategic potential.
Pakistan formally initiated negotiations with Oman in 1954. The effort culminated under Prime Minister Malik Feroz Khan Noon, whose government successfully concluded the agreement on September 8, 1958. Oman agreed to transfer Gwadar to Pakistan for £3 million.
At the time, the purchase represented a significant financial challenge for Pakistan. The transaction was reportedly made possible with the financial assistance of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III, who contributed the required funds. Aga Khan III had also previously supported Pakistan by making valuable properties available for diplomatic missions abroad.
Following the completion of the agreement, control of Gwadar was formally transferred to Pakistan on October 3, 1958. The Pakistan Navy assumed administrative control, and Gwadar officially became part of the country.
Today, Gwadar stands as one of Pakistan’s most valuable strategic assets, playing a key role in regional trade, maritime connectivity, and economic development.
